Django連接mysql數據庫

涉及的內容有：1，創建app，

                        2，注冊app

                      3， 逆向生成models.py

                      4，增刪改查數據

                    5，結合前端提交數據保存到數據庫

連接數據庫：

步驟1，settings.py設置數據庫連接信息

步驟2，安裝mysqlclient  （mysql客戶端）

pip install mysqlclient

步驟3，啟動項目

到現在，啟動程序不報錯，接下來建立數據表與實體（models.py中的類）的聯系

步驟4，新建app,名字為Models

 idea terminal 執行：python manage.py startapp Models

或者：

效果：

步驟5：通過數據庫逆向獲得models.py需要的實體類代碼

在idea terminal 執行：python manage.py  inspectdb

則會將生成的實體類代碼輸出到控制臺

將其復制拷到models.py中：（tb_*  是我在navicat里面生成的表，其余的是自動生成的，似乎是用來記錄其他信息的，不需要管）

# Create your models here.
# 類名對應表名，如果不指定id，會自動在數據表生成主鍵
# This is an auto-generated Django model module.
# You'll have to do the following manually to clean this up:
#   * Rearrange models' order
#   * Make sure each model has one field with primary_key=True
#   * Make sure each ForeignKey has `on_delete` set to the desired behavior.
#   * Remove `managed = False` lines if you wish to allow Django to create, modify, and delete the table

# Feel free to rename the models, but don't rename db_table values or field names.
from django.db import models


class AuthGroup(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(unique=True, max_length=80)

    class Meta:
        managed = False
        db_table = 'auth_group'


class AuthGroupPermissions(models.Model):
    group = models.ForeignKey(AuthGroup, models.DO_NOTHING)
    permission = models.ForeignKey('AuthPermission', models.DO_NOTHING)

    class Meta:
        managed = False
        db_table = 'auth_group_permissions'
        unique_together = (('group', 'permission'),)


class AuthPermission(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=255)
    content_type = models.ForeignKey('DjangoContentType', models.DO_NOTHING)
    codename = models.CharField(max_length=100)

    class Meta:
        managed = False
        db_table = 'auth_permission'
        unique_together = (('content_type', 'codename'),)


class AuthUser(models.Model):
    password = models.CharField(max_length=128)
    last_login = models.DateTimeField(blank=True, null=True)
    is_superuser = models.IntegerField()
    username = models.CharField(unique=True, max_length=150)
    first_name = models.CharField(max_length=30)
    last_name = models.CharField(max_length=150)
    email = models.CharField(max_length=254)
    is_staff = models.IntegerField()
    is_active = models.IntegerField()
    date_joined = models.DateTimeField()

    class Meta:
        managed = False
        db_table = 'auth_user'


class AuthUserGroups(models.Model):
    user = models.ForeignKey(AuthUser, models.DO_NOTHING)
    group = models.ForeignKey(AuthGroup, models.DO_NOTHING)

    class Meta:
        managed = False
        db_table = 'auth_user_groups'
        unique_together = (('user', 'group'),)


class AuthUserUserPermissions(models.Model):
    user = models.ForeignKey(AuthUser, models.DO_NOTHING)
    permission = models.ForeignKey(AuthPermission, models.DO_NOTHING)

    class Meta:
        managed = False
        db_table = 'auth_user_user_permissions'
        unique_together = (('user', 'permission'),)


class DjangoAdminLog(models.Model):
    action_time = models.DateTimeField()
    object_id = models.TextField(blank=True, null=True)
    object_repr = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    action_flag = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField()
    change_message = models.TextField()
    content_type = models.ForeignKey('DjangoContentType', models.DO_NOTHING, blank=True, null=True)
    user = models.ForeignKey(AuthUser, models.DO_NOTHING)

    class Meta:
        managed = False
        db_table = 'django_admin_log'


class DjangoContentType(models.Model):
    app_label = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    model = models.CharField(max_length=100)

    class Meta:
        managed = False
        db_table = 'django_content_type'
        unique_together = (('app_label', 'model'),)


class DjangoMigrations(models.Model):
    app = models.CharField(max_length=255)
    name = models.CharField(max_length=255)
    applied = models.DateTimeField()

    class Meta:
        managed = False
        db_table = 'django_migrations'


class DjangoSession(models.Model):
    session_key = models.CharField(primary_key=True, max_length=40)
    session_data = models.TextField()
    expire_date = models.DateTimeField()

    class Meta:
        managed = False
        db_table = 'django_session'


class TbArticle(models.Model):
    id = models.IntegerField(primary_key=True)
    title = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=True, null=True)
    content = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=True, null=True)
    publish_time = models.DateTimeField(blank=True, null=True)
    update_time = models.DateTimeField(blank=True, null=True)
    read_number = models.IntegerField(blank=True, null=True)
    cat = models.ForeignKey('TbCat', models.DO_NOTHING, blank=True, null=True)

    class Meta:
        managed = False
        db_table = 'tb_article'


class TbCat(models.Model):
    id = models.IntegerField(primary_key=True)
    cat_name = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=True, null=True)

    class Meta:
        managed = False
        db_table = 'tb_cat'


class TbReArticleComment(models.Model):
    id = models.IntegerField(primary_key=True)
    article = models.ForeignKey(TbArticle, models.DO_NOTHING, blank=True, null=True)
    comment = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=True, null=True)
    email = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=True, null=True)
    blog_address = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=True, null=True)
    name = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=True, null=True)
    update_time = models.DateTimeField(blank=True, null=True)

    class Meta:
        managed = False
        db_table = 'tb_re_article_comment'


class TbReArticleTags(models.Model):
    id = models.IntegerField(primary_key=True)
    article = models.ForeignKey(TbArticle, models.DO_NOTHING, blank=True, null=True)
    tag = models.ForeignKey('TbTag', models.DO_NOTHING, blank=True, null=True)

    class Meta:
        managed = False
        db_table = 'tb_re_article_tags'


class TbTag(models.Model):
    id = models.IntegerField(primary_key=True)
    tag_name = models.CharField(max_length=20, blank=True, null=True)
    state = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=True, null=True)

    class Meta:
        managed = False
        db_table = 'tb_tag'


class TbUser(models.Model):
    id = models.IntegerField(primary_key=True)
    name = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=True, null=True)
    password = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=True, null=True)
    signature = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=True, null=True)
    login_id = models.CharField(max_length=20, blank=True, null=True)

    class Meta:
        managed = False
        db_table = 'tb_user'

測試增刪改查操作：

以save為例:

testDb.py代碼

from django.http import HttpResponse

from Models.models import TbUser

# 數據庫操作
def testdb(request):
    user = TbUser()
    user.name ="zhang"
    user.login_id = "[email protected]"
    user.password = "1234567"
    user.save()
    return HttpResponse("<p>數據添加成功！</p>")

urls.py添加url攔截（相當于controller）

啟動項目：python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8080

瀏覽器輸入url測試：

查看數據庫，刷新

數據查詢，很方便，

比如：查詢id>10的所有user

數據庫操作搞定!

有些時候出現新增的url攔截不起作用，需要手動重新啟動一下！（一般是會自動更新的）

備注：主鍵自增：

id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)

url傳參數：注意這里是path了，不再是url

urlpatterns = [
    # /hello
    url(r'hello', view.hello2),
    #     /  匹配所有  但是是由最長匹配原則決定的
    url(r'^$', view.hello),
    url(r'getUserList', view.hello3),
    # url(r'testDb', testDb.testdb),
    url(r'testDb2', testDb.testdb2),
    url(r'testDb3', testDb.testdb3),
    path('articles/<int:page>', view.hello1),#注意：<int:page>是將url中的articles/10

的10轉為int存放到變量page中，對應的view.hello1方法應該是這樣的，形參中有名為page的

]

效果：

官方示例：

urlpatterns = [
    path('articles/2003/', views.special_case_2003),
    path('articles/<int:year>/', views.year_archive),
    path('articles/<int:year>/<int:month>/', views.month_archive),
    path('articles/<int:year>/<int:month>/<slug:slug>/', views.article_detail),
]

Notes:

• To capture a value from the URL, use angle brackets.
• Captured values can optionally include a converter type. For example, use <int:name> to capture an integer parameter. If a converter isn’t included, any string, excluding a / character, is matched.
• There’s no need to add a leading slash, because every URL has that. For example, it’s articles, not /articles.

Example requests:

• A request to /articles/2005/03/ would match the third entry in the list. Django would call the functionviews.month_archive(request, year=2005, month=3).
• /articles/2003/ would match the first pattern in the list, not the second one, because the patterns are tested in order, and the first one is the first test to pass. Feel free to exploit the ordering to insert special cases like this. Here, Django would call the functionviews.special_case_2003(request)
• /articles/2003 would not match any of these patterns, because each pattern requires that the URL end with a slash.
• /articles/2003/03/building-a-django-site/ would match the final pattern. Django would call the functionviews.article_detail(request, year=2003, month=3, slug="building-a-django-site")

獲取表單提交信息：searchform.html

表單：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>搜索表單</title>
</head>
<body>
<body>
<form action="/articles/search" method="get">
    <input type="text" name="q">
    <input type="submit" value="搜索">
</form>
</body>
</body>
</html>

from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response

#搜索
# 跳轉到搜索表單頁面
def openSearchForm(request):
    return render_to_response('searchform.html')
# 響應搜索請求
def searchArticleByTag(request):
    request.encoding = 'utf-8'
    if 'q' in request.GET:
        message = '你搜索的內容為: ' + request.GET['q']
    else:
        message = '你提交了空表單'
    print(message)
    return HttpResponse(message)

urls.py配置：

url(r'^search-form$', search.openSearchForm),

 path('articles/search', search.searchArticleByTag),

效果：